High Wall Shear Stress and Spatial Gradients in Vascular Pathology: A Review

Vascular endothelium responds to fluid shear stress gradients.

In vitro investigations of the responses of vascular endothelium to fluid shear stress have typically been conducted under conditions where the time-mean shear stress is uniform. In contrast, the in vitro experiments reported here have re-created the large gradients in surface fluid shear stress found near arterial branches in vivo; specifically, we have produced a disturbed-flow region that in...

Vascular wall shear stress: basic principles and methods.

T he investigation of various mechanical forces and the tissue deformations they induce have been extensively studied for over three centuries. The basic principles concerning the relationship between mechanical stress and strain of various materials were demonstrated by Robert Hooke (1635-1703) and proved to be essential for the improvement of bio-materials and the understanding of pathophysio...

Hemodynamics of cerebral aneurysm initiation: the role of wall shear stress and spatial wall shear stress gradient.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral aneurysms are preferentially located at arterial curvatures and bifurcations that are exposed to major hemodynamic forces, increasingly implicated in the life cycle of aneurysms. By observing the natural history of aneurysm formation from its preaneurysm state, we aimed to examine the hemodynamic microenvironment related to aneurysm initiation at certain arterial...

Protective or destructive: High wall shear stress and atherosclerosis.

Comparison of the Graft Angles Effects on the Temporal Wall Shear Stress Gradients in the Aorto-Coronary and Coronary-Coronary Bypasses

In this theoretical study, the effect of various types of bypass graft angles on the flow field, has been investigated specially on the temporal Wall Shear Stress (WSS) on the toe, heel and some locations on the bed of the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery at the anastomoses areas in the Aorto-Coronary (AC) and Coronary-Coronary (CC) bypasses. Flow fields in both bypasses with angles of...